Wannan shafin yana aiwatar da ayyuka na asali kuma bai shirya don amfanin marasa lafiya ba tukuna.
Wannan shafin yana aiwatar da ayyuka na asali kuma bai shirya don amfanin marasa lafiya ba tukuna.
Don bayani kawai — ba shawarar likita ba ne
Yaya tsananinsa?
Haɗarin mutuwa
Eh
Allurar rigakafi tana nan?
Lokacin zuwa alamomi
Ƙasashen da abin ya shafa
Annobar da ke gudana
Ana iya hana ta da sauki ta hanyar allurar rigakafi (tana aiki cikin mako 2 bayan allura ta farko). Hadarin ya zama ruwan dare a kasashen da ke da rashin tsaftar muhalli. Idan ba a yi maka allura ba, ka guji abincin danye da ruwan da ba a tace ba. Warkewa tana ba da kariya har abada.
Ciwon hanta A kwayar cuta ce da hepatitis A virus (HAV) ke haifarwa. Tana yaduwa ta hanyar ƙazantar abinci da ruwa. Ba ta zama ta dindindin ba kuma akwai allurar rigakafi.
Alamomi | Yawan faruwa | Tsanani | Farawa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ciwon ciki | 60% | Matsakaici | Farkon cuta |
| Gajiya | 80% | Matsakaici | Farkon cuta |
| Zazzabi | 70% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Rashin son ci | 80% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Rashin jin daɗi | 75% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Tashin zuciya | 70% | Matsakaici | Farkon cuta |
| Ciwon kai | 50% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Ciwon tsoka | 50% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Amai | 40% | Dan kadan | Farkon cuta |
| Duhuwar fitsari | 80% | Matsakaici | Kololuwar cuta |
| Kumburin hanta | 60% | Matsakaici | Kololuwar cuta |
| Shanƙe | 70% | Mai tsanani | Kololuwar cuta |
| Ƙaiƙayi | 40% | Dan kadan | Kololuwar cuta |
| Raguwar nauyi | 30% | Dan kadan | Kololuwar cuta |
| Ciwon gaɓoɓi | 15% | Dan kadan | Kololuwar cuta |
| Kumburin saifa | 15% | Dan kadan | Kololuwar cuta |
| Ƙurji | 5% | Dan kadan | Kololuwar cuta |
| Zawo | 20% | Dan kadan | Kowane lokaci |
Highly contagious liver infection caused by the hepatitis A virus.
Ciwon hanta na A (Hepatitis A) kwayar cutar HAV ce ke haddasa shi. Yana yaduwa ta hanyar baki-ciki (fecal-oral) — ruwan sha da abincin da ba su da tsafta. Koyaushe cutar mai tsanani ce — ba ta zama ta dindindin ba. Tsananin cutar ya danganta da shekaru: yara 'yan shekaru <6 ba su nuna alamun cuta ba a kusan kashi 70%. A Najeriya da sauran kasashen Yammacin Afirka: yaduwa mai girma saboda matsalolin samar da ruwan sha mai tsafta da tsaftar muhalli. Allurar rigakafi tana samuwa amma ba a cikin jadawalin rigakafin yau da kullum na NPHCDA ba.
Yellowing mai tsanani (jaundice) + ruduwar kwakwalwa (hepatic encephalopathy — gaggawa). Zubar da jini ba tare da dalili ba. Amai mara yankewa.
Alamomi da alamu mafi yawa
Lokacin kwanciyar cuta: Kwanaki 15–50. Gajiya mai tsanani, rashin son abinci, tashin zuciya, yellowing na fata da idanu (jaundice/shanye — fiye da kashi 70% na manya), fitsarin da ya yi duhu, kashi mai launin yumbu. Ciwon hanta mai tsanani (~0.5% na manya — mutuwa kashi 50–70%).
Sanin alamomi shine mataki na farko don amsa cikin sauri.
Matakan cutar hanta A:
Alamomin da suka danganta da shekaru:
Yara ƙasa da shekaru 6: galibi ba su da alamomi (70%), amma suna yaɗa cutar sosai.
Manya: suna da alamomi a fiye da 70%, tare da rawaya a cikin 40–70%.
Yaɗuwa: Mafi girma a cikin makonni 2 kafin bayyanar rawaya. Fitar da ƙwayar cuta ta najasa: makonni 1–3 kafin zuwa mako 1 bayan rawaya.
Yadda ake gano wannan cutar
IgM antibodies na HAV (tabbatar da cutar mai tsanani). IgG antibodies (kariya). Gwajin aikin hanta (liver function tests) — ALT/AST suna hawa. A bayar da rahoto.
Hanyoyin magani da ake da su
Tallafin jiki: hutawa, shan ruwa isasshe, guji abubuwan da ke cutar da hanta (barasa na watanni 6, magungunan da ke cutar da hanta). Ciwon hanta mai tsanani (fulminant hepatitis): dashen hanta (liver transplant) — ba ya samuwa a yawancin asibitoci a Najeriya.
Yawancin lokuta ana magance su yadda ya kamata tare da gano cutar da wuri.
Yadda za ka kare kanka
Allurar rigakafi: allurai biyu (wata 0, watanni 6–12). Twinrix (A+B). Tsaftar abinci da ruwa: "dafa, tafasa, bare ko manta." A Najeriya, inganta samar da ruwan sha mai tsafta da tsaftar muhalli (WASH) shine babban mataki na hana yaduwa.
Shirye-shirye shine mafi kyawun kariya.
A yi allurar rigakafi ga duk masu tafiya zuwa yankunan da cutar ta yadu. Tsaftar abinci mai tsanani — musamman ruwa, kayan lambu, da kankana. A guji ruwan famfo da ba a tafasa ba a yankunan karkara.
Ƙididdiga da bayanan yanki
Najeriya da Yammacin Afirka: yaduwa mai girma. Yawancin yara suna kamuwa da cutar tun suna kanana ba tare da alamun cuta ba kuma suna samun kariya ta dindindin. Da yake tsaftar muhalli tana inganta a birane, manya na iya zama masu saurin kamuwa.
Wanene ke cikin haɗarin mafi girma
Traveling to endemic areas, consuming contaminated food or water, poor hygiene practices.
Rikitarwa da za ta iya faruwa
Ciwon hanta mai tsanani (fulminant hepatitis): ~0.5% na manya, mutuwa kashi 50–70% ba tare da dashen hanta ba. Relapsing hepatitis: alamun cuta na iya dawo wa bayan makonni zuwa watanni. Ba ta zama ta dindindin ba — wannan shine bambanci daga Hepatitis B da C.
Sakamakon da ake tsammani da murmurewa
Hasashen warkarwa gabaɗaya: Mai kyau ƙwarai. Babu kamuwa na dindindin. Cikakkiyar warkarwa a cikin fiye da 99% na marasa lafiya.
Adadin mutuwa (CFR): gabaɗaya ƙasa da 0.1% a yara, 0.3% a manya ƙasa da shekaru 40, ya haura zuwa 1.8% a manya masu shekaru ≥50.
Mummunar cutar hanta: ba kasafai ba (ƙasa da 0.5%), ta fi yawa a cikin marasa lafiyar da ke da cutar hanta tun da farko (cutar hanta B ko C na dindindin).
Sake dawowa: 3–20% na marasa lafiya na sake kamuwa watanni 1–4 bayan warkarwa (tana warke da kanta).
Cutar hanta mai tsawo: rawaya mai tsawo (fiye da watanni 3) a ƙasa da 5% — tana warke ba tare da matsala ba.
Babu yanayin ɗauke da cuta. Rigakafi na dindindin bayan kamuwa ta halitta.
Ana iya hana wannan cuta ta hanyar allurar rigakafi. Kariya mai inganci tana samuwa.
Yi magana da ƙwararren lafiyar tafiya game da jadawalin da aka ba da shawarar kafin tafiyar ku.
Nemo asibitin allurar rigakafi →Abun ciki a wannan shafin don bayani da ilimi ne kawai. Ba ya zama shawarar likita, gano cuta, ko shawarwarin magani ba. Idan kuna da damuwar lafiya, tuntuɓi ƙwararren ma’aikacin lafiya. SafeTripVax ba mai ba da sabis na likitanci ba ne.
Cikakkun sharuɗɗan amfaniRarraba yanki da annobar da ke gudana
Kun san allurar rigakafin da kuke bukata? Da kyau. Ba ku sani ba? Ku gaya mana inda kuke tafiya — za mu nemo allurar da ta dace da asibiti. Kyauta, ba tare da wani hakki ba.
| Tuta | Ƙasa | Matakin haɗari |
|---|---|---|
 | Sierra Leone | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Cambodia | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Yemen | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Afghanistan | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Haɗari mai girma |
 | India | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Bangladesh | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Nigeria | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Somalia | Haɗari mai girma |
 | Eritrea | Haɗari mai girma |